Constitution of the Republic of Serbia (2006) (excerpts related to State of emergency) (English)
CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
(excerpts)
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Prohibition of slavery, servitude and forced labour
Article 26
No person may be kept in slavery or servitude.
All forms of human trafficking are prohibited.
Forced labour is prohibited. Sexual or financial exploitation of person in unfavourable position shall be deemed forced labour.
Labour or service of persons serving sentence of imprisonment if their labour is based on the principle of voluntarity with financial compensation, labour or service of military persons, nor labour or services during war or state of emergency in accordance with measures prescribed on the declaration of war or state of emergency, shall not be considered forced labour.
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Article 97
Competences of the Republic of Serbia
The Republic of Serbia shall organise and provide for:
4. defence and security of the Republic of Serbia and its citizens; measures in case of the state of emergency;
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Method of decision making in the National Assembly
Article 105
The National Assembly shall adopt decisions by majority vote of deputies at the session at which majority of deputies are present.
By means of majority vote of all deputies the National Assembly shall:
2. declare and call off the state of emergency,
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Referendum
Article 108
Upon the request of the majority of all deputies or at least 100,000 voters, the National Assembly shall call the referendum on issues falling within its competence, in accordance with the Constitution and Law.
The subject of the referendum may not include duties deriving from international contracts, laws pertaining to human and minority rights and freedoms, fiscal and other financial laws, the budget and financial statement, introduction of the state of emergency and amnesty, as well as issues pertaining to election competences of the National Assembly.
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State of emergency
Article 200
When the survival of the state or its citizens is threatened by a public danger, the National Assembly shall proclaim the state of emergency.
The decision on the state of emergency shall be effective 90 days at the most. Upon expiry of this period, the National Assembly may extend the decision on the state of emergency for another 90 days, by the majority votes of the total number of deputies.
During the state of emergency, the National Assembly shall convene without any special call for assembly and it may not be dismissed.
When proclaiming the state of emergency, the National Assembly may prescribe the measures which shall provide for derogation from human and minority rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
When the National Assembly is not in a position to convene, the decision proclaiming the state of emergency shall be adopted by the President of the Republic together with the President of the National Assembly and the Prime Minister, under the same terms as by the National Assembly.
When the National Assembly is not in a position to convene, the measures which provide for derogation from human and minority rights may be prescribed by the Government, in a decree, with the President of the Republic as a co-signatory.
Measures providing for derogation from human and minority rights prescribed by the National Assembly or Government shall be effective 90 days at the most, and upon expiry of that period may be extended under the same terms.
When the decision on the state of emergency has not been passed by the National Assembly, the National Assembly shall verify it within 48 hours from its passing, that is, as soon as it is in a position to convene. If the National Assembly does not verify this decision, it shall cease to be effective upon the end of the first session of the National Assembly held after the proclamation of the state of emergency.
In cases when the measures providing for derogation from human and minority rights have not been prescribed by the National Assembly, the Government shall be obliged to submit the decree on measures providing for derogation from human and minority rights to be verified by the National Assembly within 48 hours from its passing, that is, as soon as the National Assembly is in a position to convene. In other respects, the measures providing for derogation shall cease to be effective 24 hours prior to the beginning of the first session of the National Assembly held after the proclamation of the state of emergency.
The state of war
Article 201
The National Assembly shall proclaim the state of war.
When the National Assembly is not in a position to convene, the decision on proclamation of the state of war shall be passed by the President of the Republic together with the President of the National Assembly and the Prime Minister.
When proclaiming the state of war, the National Assembly may prescribe the measures which shall provide for derogation from human and minority rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
When the National Assembly is not in a position to convene, the measures which provide for derogation from human and minority rights guaranteed by the Constitution shall be decided on by the President of the Republic together with the President of the National Assembly and the Prime Minister.
All measures prescribed in the period of the state of war shall be verified by the National Assembly when in a position to convene.
Derogation form human and minority rights in the state of emergency and war
Article 202
Upon proclamation of the state of emergency or war, derogations from human and minority rights guaranteed by the Constitution shall be permitted only to the extent deemed necessary.
Measures providing for derogation shall not bring about differences based on race, sex, language, religion, national affiliation or social origin.
Measures providing for derogation from human and minority rights shall cease to be effective upon ending of the state of emergency or war.
Measures providing for derogation shall by no means be permitted in terms of the rights guaranteed pursuant to Articles 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 32, 34, 37, 38, 43, 45, 47, 49, 62 , 63, 64 and 78 of the Constitution.
Proposal to amend the Constitution and adoption of the amendment to the Constitution
Article 203
The National Assembly shall be obliged to put forward the act on amending the Constitution in the republic referendum to have it endorsed, in cases when the amendment of the Constitution pertains to the preamble of the Constitution, principles of the Constitution, human and minority rights and freedoms, the system of authority, proclamation the state of war and emergency, derogation from human and minority rights in the state of emergency or war or the proceedings of amending the Constitution.
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